P vs NP — The $1,000,000 Question
P = problems solvable in polynomial time (e.g. sorting).
NP = problems whose solutions can be verified in polynomial time.
Whether P = NP is one of the seven
Millennium Prize Problems
— unsolved since 1971, worth $1,000,000.
Why TSP?
TSP is NP-hard — at least as hard as any problem in NP. No polynomial-time
exact algorithm is known. The fastest exact methods are still exponential or worse in the worst case.
A polynomial-time TSP solver would immediately prove P = NP.
What counts as a proof?
Your solve(nodes) must: (1) always return the optimal (shortest possible) tour,
and (2) run in polynomial time — O(nk) for some fixed k.
Hit 📈 Test to measure both empirically across increasing sizes.